HMS 80:20 and Shredded Scrap CFR Türkiye: Iskenderun, Izmir/Aliağa and Marmara
About a fifth of the world's ferrous scrap imports, bought cargo by cargo against the HMS 1&2 80:20 CFR Turkey benchmark
Türkiye declared 18,706,654 t of HS 7204 ferrous scrap imports in 2025, worth USD 6.94 billion at an average USD 371 per tonne, against 20,041,376 t at USD 416 in 2024; 99.7% of the 2025 tonnage was HS 7204.49, the subheading that carries HMS, shredded and bundled scrap. The United States supplied 3,608,402 t (19.3%), the Netherlands 2,763,663 t (14.8%), the United Kingdom 2,089,323 t (11.2%), Belgium 1,332,014 t (7.1%), Romania 1,002,402 t (5.4%), Denmark 924,871 t (4.9%), Lithuania 873,332 t (4.7%) and Germany 697,390 t (3.7%); the 27 EU states together shipped 10.90 million tonnes (58.3%), and the EU, the US and the UK 88.7% of the total. Declared values ran from about USD 365 per tonne on Dutch and British scrap to USD 374 on American and USD 382 on Romanian. January to August 2026 brought 12.73 million tonnes, up 4.0% year on year, worth USD 5.02 billion or about USD 394 per tonne: the US 2,483,117 t, the UK 1,496,620 t, the Netherlands 1,455,643 t (down 25.8%), Romania 982,846 t (up 59.1%) and Belgium 940,922 t. The buyers are electric arc furnaces: worldsteel puts Türkiye's 2025 crude steel output at 38.1 million tonnes, 72.2% of it by EAF, and its scrap imports at 18.7 of the 93.7 million tonnes imported worldwide, about a fifth. The mills sit in three coastal clusters, and trade reports name the buyer by region: Iskenderun on the eastern Mediterranean, Izmir with the Aliağa mills on Nemrut Bay, and the Marmara Sea around Gebze, with Black Sea mills also buying.
Deep-sea cargoes trade in lots of 10,000 to 30,000 t, and short-sea HMS from Romania in parcels of 3,000 to 5,000 t. At Iskenderun, Tosyalı's port handles 20 million tonnes a year on two piers of 770 m and 750 m, with up to 26 m of water, for ships of 20,000 to 200,000 DWT. On Nemrut Bay, the Habaş port, 7 km from the Habaş steel plant, is used mainly to unload scrap and load steel, across 13 berths for ships of 7,000 to 80,000 DWT, and takes other users' cargo; Ege Çelik's port on the same bay handles about 600 bulk carriers a year up to 70,000 DWT. In the Marmara, Çolakoğlu's port at its Gebze plant has 730 m of quay and 25 m maximum draught and handles its own cargo only. Prices are set cargo by cargo against HMS 1&2 80:20 CFR Turkey, assessed daily by Fastmarkets for North European and US origin and published by Platts, Argus, Kallanish and SteelOrbis, with shredded and bonus grades at a premium: on 15 January 2026 an Iskenderun mill paid USD 376 CFR for US HMS 80:20 and USD 396 for shredded, and USD 370 for Baltic HMS with bonus at USD 390. HMS 80:20 traded at USD 399 to 405 CFR on 22 April 2026, USD 369 to 371 in early and mid-August and USD 375 to 376 on 21 August, approached USD 400 in mid-September, and on 28 September an Izmir mill bought US scrap at USD 402 CFR; these are market references, not CBIL quotes. Imports run under the Ministry of Trade's communiqué Product Safety and Inspection 2026/23, in force from 1 January 2026: the scrap it lists may be imported only by a plant that melts or pre-processes scrap, holds an environmental permit and a two-year Metal Scrap Importer Certificate from the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, and runs a radiation control and detection system assessed by the Nuclear Regulatory Authority, with calibrated portable meters and trained staff; the scrap must be solid and free of hazardous contamination, ammunition and explosives, and it enters through designated customs offices. The MFN duty on HS 7204.49 is nil. EU scrap stays open to Türkiye under the restrictions on exports to non-OECD countries that the European Commission proposed on 18 September 2026 for application from 21 May 2027, because Türkiye is an OECD member. CBIL is a commodity brokerage company and brokers HMS 1&2 80:20 and 90:10, shredded and bonus grades from US, UK, EU, Scandinavian and Baltic-state yards CFR Iskenderun, Izmir/Aliağa and Marmara for a named mill that holds the importer certificate, against load-port inspection of grade, weight and radiation by SGS, Bureau Veritas or Intertek, with the yard of origin on the certificate of origin. A requirement that names the mill, the discharge port, the grade mix, the tonnage and the shipment month gets an answer from a named seller; one without them gets a question first.
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The market in figures
- Imports, 2025 (HS 7204)
- 18,706,654 t · USD 6.94 bn · USD 371/t (2024: 20,041,376 t at USD 416/t) · 99.7% HS 7204.49
- Origins, 2025
- US 19.3% · Netherlands 14.8% · UK 11.2% · Belgium 7.1% · Romania 5.4% · Denmark 4.9% · Lithuania 4.7% · EU-27 58.3%
- January–August 2026
- 12.73 Mt (+4.0%) · USD 5.02 bn · US 2.48 Mt · UK 1.50 Mt · Netherlands 1.46 Mt (−25.8%) · Romania 0.98 Mt (+59.1%)
- The buyer, 2025
- EAF 72.2% of 38.1 Mt crude steel · 18.7 of 93.7 Mt world scrap imports
- HMS 1&2 80:20 CFR references
- US USD 376, shredded 396 (15 Jan 2026) · USD 399–405 (22 Apr) · USD 375–376 (21 Aug) · US scrap USD 402 to Izmir (28 Sep)
- Discharge
- Iskenderun (Tosyalı, 20,000–200,000 DWT) · Nemrut Bay, Aliağa (Habaş to 80,000 DWT, Ege Çelik to 70,000 DWT) · Marmara (Gebze)
- Import rule
- Communiqué 2026/23: Metal Scrap Importer Certificate for melters and pre-processors · radiation control system · MFN duty 0% on HS 7204.49
Landed values are the importing country's declared CIF, not CBIL prices.
Questions buyers ask
- What price basis do Turkish mills buy scrap on?
- HMS 1&2 80:20 CFR Turkey, cargo by cargo. Fastmarkets assesses it daily for North European and US origin, and Platts, Argus, Kallanish and SteelOrbis publish it too. Shredded and bonus grades trade at a premium: on 15 January 2026 an Iskenderun mill paid USD 376 CFR for US HMS 80:20 and USD 396 for shredded, and USD 370 for Baltic HMS with bonus at USD 390. HMS 90:10 and 85:15 also trade. On 28 September 2026 an Izmir mill bought US scrap at USD 402 CFR and US suppliers were asking USD 405. Those are market references; a CBIL offer is priced for a named mill, port and shipment month.
- Which Turkish port should the cargo discharge at?
- The mill's own. Iskenderun mills take ships of 20,000 to 200,000 DWT at Tosyalı's port, which handles 20 million tonnes a year. The Aliağa mills discharge on Nemrut Bay, where the Habaş port, used mainly to unload scrap, takes ships of 7,000 to 80,000 DWT and Ege Çelik's port takes up to 70,000 DWT. In the Marmara, Çolakoğlu's port at Gebze has 25 m of draught and handles its own cargo only. Deep-sea cargoes trade in lots of 10,000 to 30,000 t and short-sea parcels from Romania in 3,000 to 5,000 t; LaycanDesk, our chartering desk, prices the ship.
- Who may import scrap into Türkiye, and what must the cargo carry?
- Under communiqué 2026/23, in force from 1 January 2026, only a plant that melts or pre-processes scrap, holds an environmental permit and a Metal Scrap Importer Certificate from the Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation and Climate Change, and runs a radiation control and detection system assessed by the Nuclear Regulatory Authority may import the listed scrap. The scrap must be solid and free of hazardous contamination, ammunition and explosives, and it clears at designated customs offices. The MFN duty on HS 7204.49 is nil. Every cargo CBIL arranges ships with load-port inspection of grade, weight and radiation, and the yard of origin on the certificate of origin.
- Where does Türkiye's scrap come from?
- In 2025 the United States supplied 19.3% of the 18.71 million tonnes, the Netherlands 14.8%, the United Kingdom 11.2%, Belgium 7.1%, Romania 5.4%, Denmark 4.9% and Lithuania 4.7%, and the EU as a whole 58.3%. In January to August 2026 the US (2.48 million t) and the UK (1.50 million t) led, Dutch shipments fell 25.8% to 1.46 million t and Romanian rose 59.1% to 0.98 million t.
- Do the EU's new scrap export rules affect Türkiye?
- Not on the draft. On 18 September 2026 the European Commission published a proposed list of non-OECD countries that may keep importing EU scrap classed as waste under the revised Waste Shipment Regulation from 21 May 2027. Türkiye is an OECD member and outside that restriction. The list is open for feedback until 16 October 2026 and adoption is planned for the fourth quarter of 2026. Türkiye took 10.90 million tonnes of EU scrap in 2025, 58.3% of its imports.